N4 · Structured courses

Shi: And, What's More

Learn し for listing multiple reasons or qualities, implying there are others unstated. This lesson combines form, context, examples, common mistakes, and practice so you can use the pattern in real communication.

12 minNihongo Hub Editorial TeamPublished 2026-06-06Updated 2026-06-06

Learning objectives

  • Lesson goals: Learn し for listing multiple reasons or qualities, implying there are others unstated.
  • Form and connection: [Plain form] し、[Plain form] し
  • Nuance in real use: The beauty of し is that it always leaves room. When listing reasons, it says "these are just some of them" — indirectly making your expression softer and more open-ended.

Form and connection

[Plain form] し、[Plain form] し

Core Explanation

Learn し for listing multiple reasons or qualities, implying there are others unstated.

Cultural Note

The beauty of し is that it always leaves room. When listing reasons, it says "these are just some of them" — indirectly making your expression softer and more open-ended.

Practical examples

It's cheap and delicious, so I often come to this shop.
It's raining (among other reasons), so I won't go out today.
There's no time (and other reasons), let's give up.

Common pitfalls

Build the base form before adding the pattern

Complete the required conjugation first. Do not keep polite and plain endings at the same time.

Match politeness to the situation

The examples are reliable starting points; relationships and context can still change the most natural wording.

Practice and answers

1. Write the connection formula for this lesson.
Show answer[Plain form] し、[Plain form] し
2. Explain the meaning of the first example.
Show answerIt's cheap and delicious, so I often come to this shop.
3. Rewrite the final example using this lesson pattern.
Show answer時間じかんもないし、あきらめよう。 ([Plain form] し、[Plain form] し)

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