Learning objectives
- Lesson goals: Learn the layered meanings of てくる (approaching) and ていく (distancing) in time, space, and psychology.
- Form and connection: [Verb te-form] くる / いく
- Nuance in real use: てくる and ていく add a spatiotemporal coordinate system to Japanese — every action can be marked as "approaching me" or "receding from me," in space, time, or change.
Form and connection
Core Explanation
Learn the layered meanings of てくる (approaching) and ていく (distancing) in time, space, and psychology.
Cultural Note
Practical examples
Common pitfalls
Build the base form before adding the pattern
Complete the required conjugation first. Do not keep polite and plain endings at the same time.
Match politeness to the situation
The examples are reliable starting points; relationships and context can still change the most natural wording.
Practice and answers
Show answer
[Verb te-form] くる / いくShow answer
I've started to understand Japanese.Show answer
少すこしずつ暖あたたかくなってきました。 ([Verb te-form] くる / いく)Continue learning
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