N5 · Structured courses

Three Verb Groups: Classification and Conjugation Basics

Learn the three Japanese verb groups (godan, ichidan, irregular) and how to identify them from dictionary form. This lesson combines form, context, examples, common mistakes, and practice so you can use the pattern in real communication.

12 minNihongo Hub Editorial TeamPublished 2026-06-06Updated 2026-06-06

Learning objectives

  • Lesson goals: Learn the three Japanese verb groups (godan, ichidan, irregular) and how to identify them from dictionary form.
  • Form and connection: 一類いちるい・二類にるい・三類さんるい動詞どうし
  • Nuance in real use: Verb groups are the contour lines on Japanese grammar's topographic map. Master them and you'll never get lost in conjugation.

Form and connection

一類いちるい・二類にるい・三類さんるい動詞どうし

Core Explanation

Learn the three Japanese verb groups (godan, ichidan, irregular) and how to identify them from dictionary form.

Cultural Note

Verb groups are the contour lines on Japanese grammar's topographic map. Master them and you'll never get lost in conjugation.

Practical examples

Eat (Group 2) → Eat (polite)
Write (Group 1) → Write (polite)
Do (Group 3) → Do (polite)
Come (Group 3) → Come (polite)

Common pitfalls

Build the base form before adding the pattern

Complete the required conjugation first. Do not keep polite and plain endings at the same time.

Match politeness to the situation

The examples are reliable starting points; relationships and context can still change the most natural wording.

Practice and answers

1. Write the connection formula for this lesson.
Show answer一類いちるい・二類にるい・三類さんるい動詞どうし
2. Explain the meaning of the first example.
Show answerEat (Group 2) → Eat (polite)
3. Rewrite the final example using this lesson pattern.
Show answer来くる(三類)→ 来きます (一類いちるい・二類にるい・三類さんるい動詞どうし)

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