N2 · Structured courses

～Kiru: Completely / To the End

Learn kiru for complete action, reaching the limit, and kirenai for "can't finish." This lesson combines form, context, examples, common mistakes, and practice so you can use the pattern in real communication.

12 minNihongo Hub Editorial TeamPublished 2026-06-06Updated 2026-06-06

Learning objectives

  • Lesson goals: Learn kiru for complete action, reaching the limit, and kirenai for "can't finish."
  • Form and connection: [Verb masu-stem] きる
  • Nuance in real use: きる adds a definitive period to an action — not just "did" but "did to the very end," "used to the last drop." In Japan's craftsmanship culture, this "do it thoroughly" attitude is highly valued.

Form and connection

[Verb masu-stem] きる

Core Explanation

Learn kiru for complete action, reaching the limit, and kirenai for "can't finish."

Cultural Note

きる adds a definitive period to an action — not just "did" but "did to the very end," "used to the last drop." In Japan's craftsmanship culture, this "do it thoroughly" attitude is highly valued.

Practical examples

I ran the entire marathon.
I read this entire book in one go.
Countless stars.

Common pitfalls

Build the base form before adding the pattern

Complete the required conjugation first. Do not keep polite and plain endings at the same time.

Match politeness to the situation

The examples are reliable starting points; relationships and context can still change the most natural wording.

Practice and answers

1. Write the connection formula for this lesson.
Show answer[Verb masu-stem] きる
2. Explain the meaning of the first example.
Show answerI ran the entire marathon.
3. Rewrite the final example using this lesson pattern.
Show answer数かぞえきれないほどの星ほし。 ([Verb masu-stem] きる)

Continue learning

～Uru / Enai: Can Possibly / Cannot Possibly

Learn uru/enai for possibility — "can possibly" or "cannot possibly." Formal, written. This lesson combines form, context, examples, common mistakes, and practice so you can use the pattern in real communication.

～Nuku: Persevere Through / Do Thoroughly

Learn nuku for persevering through difficulty to the end. Unlike kiru, it emphasizes overcoming hardship. This lesson combines form, context, examples, common mistakes, and practice so you can use the pattern in real communication.

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